The thumb plays a role in nearly every hand movement from texting to gripping objects thanks to its unique opposability, which gives humans remarkable dexterity and control. When basal thumb arthritis affects the joint at the base of the thumb, it can significantly impact everyday function. Fortunately, several effective treatment options are available to help manage pain and restore mobility.
Understanding Basal Thumb Arthritis
Basal thumb arthritis, also called carpometacarpal (CMC) arthritis, occurs when the cartilage that cushions the thumb joint wears away. This leads to bone-on-bone friction, resulting in pain, stiffness, weakness, and decreased range of motion. It’s a common condition that can develop due to aging, previous injury, or overuse.
Symptoms You Shouldn’t Ignore
Early symptoms of basal thumb arthritis may include:
- Pain at the base of the thumb, especially with pinching or gripping
- Swelling and tenderness
- Loss of strength or stability
- Difficulty opening containers or turning doorknobs
- A visible bump or deformity at the base of the thumb
If conservative treatments like bracing, anti-inflammatory medications, or steroid injections no longer provide relief, it’s time to explore your surgical options.
Modern Surgical Treatments with Proven Success
Several effective procedures are available, with one of the most common being trapeziectomy with suspension of the thumb metacarpal. In this procedure, the damaged joint is removed and the thumb is suspended in a good position, reducing pain and restoring function.
Other surgical techniques include:
- Removal of the arthritic bone alone (trapeziectomy)
- Stabilizing the joint by fusing bones together (arthrodesis)
The choice of procedure depends on factors such as age, activity level, and the severity of arthritis.
Recovery and Long-Term Results
Recovery from thumb arthritis surgery typically involves an initial period of immobilization followed by hand therapy to restore strength and mobility. Most patients experience significant pain relief and improved hand function within a few months. Long-term outcomes are excellent, and many return to work, hobbies, and everyday tasks without discomfort.
From non-surgical approaches to proven surgical procedures, effective solutions are available to reduce painful arthritis of the base of the thumb and improve function. Schedule a consultation with The Hand, Wrist & Elbow Institute at Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush (MOR) to discuss your options for restoring hand mobility and comfort.