Wrist Dislocation
Wrist dislocation occurs when the carpal bones shift out of place, causing severe pain, deformity, and loss of motion. Immediate realignment and stabilization are essential to protect nerves, restore alignment, and regain function. The hand and upper extremity specialists at The Hand, Wrist, and Elbow institute with offices in Chicago, Illinois and the surrounding regions provide expert diagnosis and personalized care for wrist dislocation using advanced surgical and nonsurgical interventions with individualized rehabilitation. Call The Hand, Wrist and Elbow institute to make an appointment at any one of our convenient locations and experience state-of-the-art care with compassion.
What is Wrist Dislocation?
A wrist dislocation occurs when the bones that form the wrist joint are forced out of their normal alignment. This can affect the alignment between the radius, ulna, and the small carpal bones of the wrist. Dislocations can be partial (subluxation) or complete, and often involve damage to surrounding ligaments, tendons, and sometimes nerves or blood vessels.
Causes of Wrist Dislocation
Wrist dislocations are usually the result of high-impact trauma or forceful twisting. Common causes include:
- Falls: Falling on an outstretched hand is one of the most common causes, especially during sports or accidents.
- Motor vehicle accidents: The impact and force can lead to severe wrist injuries.
- Sports injuries: Contact sports, gymnastics, and skateboarding pose a high risk due to frequent falls and impact.
- Industrial or workplace injuries: Crushing or twisting mechanisms involving machinery may cause dislocation.
What are the Symptoms of Wrist Dislocation?
A dislocated wrist typically presents with obvious signs, but symptoms may vary depending on the severity. Common symptoms include:
- Severe pain immediately after injury
- Swelling and bruising around the wrist
- Visible deformity or abnormal position of the wrist
- Limited range of motion or inability to move the hand or fingers
- Numbness or tingling, especially if nerves are compressed
- Weakness in grip strength
How is Wrist Dislocation Diagnosed?
Diagnosis begins with a physical examination to assess deformity, range of motion, and neurological status. Imaging tests are crucial to confirm the diagnosis and assess the extent of injury:
- X-rays help identify bone displacement and associated fractures.
- CT scans offer detailed views of complex injuries, especially involving carpal bones.
- MRI may be used to assess ligament or soft tissue damage if necessary.
What are the Treatment Options for Wrist Dislocation?
Treatment depends on the type and severity of the dislocation:
- Closed reduction: The bones are manually realigned without surgery, usually followed by immobilization with a splint or cast.
- Surgical repair: Required for complex dislocations, fractures, or when closed reduction fails. Ligaments and bones may be repaired or pinned in place.
- Rehabilitation: Physical therapy is essential to restore mobility, strength, and function after healing.