Whether you spend your day at a keyboard or on a construction site, repetitive hand movements can take a toll. Carpal tunnel syndrome is one of the most common overuse conditions and it often sneaks up quietly. In this post, we’ll explore what causes it, how to recognize it early, and when surgical treatment may be needed.
Why Carpal Tunnel Happens and Who’s at Risk
Carpal tunnel syndrome occurs when the median nerve, which runs through a narrow passage in the wrist called the carpal tunnel, becomes compressed. This compression is often caused by repetitive hand and wrist movements, prolonged typing, vibrating tools, or underlying conditions like diabetes, thyroid disorders, or rheumatoid arthritis. Even pregnancy can temporarily cause symptoms due to fluid retention.
Over time, inflammation and swelling within the tunnel can put pressure on the nerve, leading to worsening symptoms and diminished hand function.
Recognizing the Signs and Symptoms
Early signs of carpal tunnel syndrome may seem harmless, a slight tingling in the fingers, occasional hand numbness, or weakness when gripping objects. Symptoms typically affect the thumb, index, middle, and part of the ring finger, and often worsen at night or after wrist overuse. As the condition progresses, you may experience:
- Burning or shooting pain up the forearm
- Frequent dropping of objects
- Difficulty with fine motor skills, like buttoning a shirt
Ignoring these symptoms can lead to permanent nerve damage, so early evaluation is critical.
When Is Surgery the Right Option?
Conservative treatments such as wrist splints, anti-inflammatory medications and activity modification are often effective in early stages. However, if symptoms persist beyond several months or begin interfering with sleep, work, or hand strength, wrist surgery may be recommended.
Carpal tunnel release surgery is an effective outpatient procedure that relieves pressure on the median nerve by cutting the transverse carpal ligament. Most patients experience significant improvement within days to weeks, and full recovery often includes physical therapy to restore strength and mobility.
Carpal tunnel syndrome is a progressive condition, early intervention can prevent long-term complications. If tingling, weakness, or numbness in your hand is affecting your quality of life, book an appointment with The Hand, Wrist & Elbow Institute at Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush to explore your treatment options and find lasting relief through expert care.